C Programs Part-III

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Introducing you some important programs of C language with coding . These programs  are  provided by Mr. Anuj Khanna (Asst. Professor),Krishna Institute of Technology,Kanpur

Topics

Character Arrays and String Handling, Structures

Dynamic Memory Allocation, Stack & Link Lists

Macros & C Processor, File Handling

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Character Arrays and String Handling

 

 35. WAP to find the length of a string without using library function.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

char string[50];

int i , length = 0;

printf (“Enter a string\n”);

gets (string);

for (i=0; string[i] != ‘\0’; i++) /*keep going through each */

{ /*character of the string */

length++; /*till its end */

}

printf(“The length of a string is the number of characters in it\n”);

printf(“So, the length of %s =%d\n”, string, length);

}

/*—————————————————-

Output

Enter a string

hello

The length of a string is the number of characters in it

So, the length of hello = 5

 

RUN2

Enter a string

E-Commerce is hot now

The length of a string is the number of characters in it

So, the length of E-Commerce is hot now =21

 

36. Progranm to compare two strings using user defined function. If strings are identical display “The Two Strings are Identical” otherwise the strings are different.
#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

void main()

{

int count1=0,count2=0,flag=0,i;

char str1[10],str2[10];

clrscr();

puts(“Enter a string:”);

gets(str1);

puts(“Enter another string:”);

gets(str2);

/*Count the number of characters in str1*/

while (str1[count1]!=’\0′)

count1++;

/*Count the number of characters in str2*/

while (str2[count2]!=’\0′)

count2++;

i=0 ;

while ( (i < count1) && (i < count2))

{ if (str1[i] == str2[i])

{ i++;

continue ;

}

if (str1[i]<str2[i])

{ flag = -1;

break;

}

if (str1[i] > str2[i])

{ flag = 1;

break;

}

}

if (flag==0)

printf(“Both strings are equal\n”);

if (flag==1)

printf(“String1 is greater than string2\n”, str1, str2);

if (flag == -1)

printf(“String1 is less than string2\n”, str1, str2);

getch(); }

/*—————————————-

Output

Enter a string:

happy

Enter another string:

HAPPY

String1 is greater than string2

 

RUN2

Enter a string:

Hello

Enter another string:

Hello

Both strings are equal

 

RUN3

Enter a string:

gold

Enter another string:

silver

String1 is less than string2

—————————————-*/

 

37. WAP to know whether the entered character string is Palindrome or not.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

void main()

{

char string[25], revString[25]={‘\0’};

int i,length = 0, flag = 0;

clrscr();

fflush(stdin);

printf(“Enter a string\n”);

gets(string);

for (i=0; string[i] != ‘\0’; i++) /*keep going through each */

{ /*character of the string */

length++; /*till its end */

}

printf(“The length of the string \’%s\’ = %d\n”, string, length);

for (i=length-1; i >= 0 ; i–)

{ revString [length-i-1] = string[i]; }

 

/*Compare the input string and its reverse. If both are equal then the input string is palindrome.

Otherwise it is not a palindrome */

for (i=0; i < length ; i++)

{

if (revString[i] = = string[i])

flag = 1;

else

flag = 0;

}

 

if (flag = = 1)

printf (“%s is a palindrome\n”, string);

else

printf(“%s is not a palindrome\n”, string);

 

38. Write a C program read a sentence and count the number of vowels and consonants in the given sentence.

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main()

{

char sentence[80];

int i, vowels=0, consonants=0, special = 0;

clrscr();

printf(“Enter a sentence\n”);

 

gets(sentence);

for(i=0; sentence[i] != ‘\0’; i++)

{

if((sentence[i] == ‘a’||sentence[i] == ‘e’||sentence[i] == ‘i’||

sentence[i] == ‘o’||sentence[i] == ‘u’) ||(sentence[i] == ‘A’||

sentence[i] == ‘E’||sentence[i] == ‘I’|| sentence[i] == ‘O’||

sentence[i] == ‘U’))

{ vowels = vowels + 1; }

else

{ consonants = consonants + 1; }

if (sentence[i] ==’\t’ ||sentence[i] ==’\0′ || sentence[i] ==’ ‘)

{ special = special + 1; }

}

consonants = consonants – special;

printf(“No. of vowels in %s = %d\n”, sentence, vowels);

printf(“No. of consonants in %s = %d\n”, sentence, consonants);

}

/*—————————————-

Output

Enter a sentence

Good Morning

No. of vowels in Good Morning = 4

No. of consonants in Good Morning = 7 */

 

Structures

 

39. Program to copy structure elements from one object to another object.
#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

#include <string.h>

void main()

{

struct cd_disk

{

char co [15] ;

float type ;

int price ;

} ;

struct disk d1 = {“SONY” , 1.44 , 20};

struct disk d2 , d3 ;

 

strcpy (d2.co,d1.co) ;

d2.type=d1.type ;

d2.price = d1.price;

d3=d2 ;

printf(“\n %s %f %d”,d1.co , d1.type ,d1.price) ;

printf(“\n %s %f %d”,d2.co , d2.type ,d2.price) ;

printf(“\n %s %f %d”,d3.co , d3.type ,d3.price) ;

}

 

40. Program to create array of structure objects.
#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main()

{

struct stud

{

char name [12] ;

int rollno ;

char grade [2] ;

} ;

struct stud st [4] ;

 

printf(“Enter the data for each student\n”)

for (i=0 ; i<=3 ;i++)

{ scanf(“%s %d %s”, &st[i].name, &st[i].rollno , &st[i].grade) ; } // reading structure elements

 

printf(“Record of students are as follows:\n”) ;

for (i=0 ; i<=3 ;i++)

{ printf (“%s %d %s\n”, st[i].name, st[i].rollno , st[i].grade) ; } // printing structure elements

getch();

} // End of main()

 

 

41. Program to declare pointer to structure and display the contents of the structure.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main()

{

struct book

{

char name [20] ;

char author [25] ;

int pages ;

} ;

struct book b1={“Ethical Hacking”, “Ankit Fadia” , 1093};

struct book *ptr ;

ptr=&b1 ;

clrscr();

printf (“\n%s by %s of %d pages”, b1.name, b1.author, b1.pages) ; // printing structure elements

printf (“\n%s by %s of %d pages”, ptr ->name,ptr->author, ptr->pages) ; // use of arrow operator

printf (“\n%s by %s of %d pages”, (*ptr ).name, (*ptr).author, (*ptr).pages) ; // use of dot operator.

getch();

} // End of main ()

 

Dynamic Memory Allocation, Stack & Link Lists

 

42.Write a C program to find the sum of two one-dimensional arrays using Dynamic Memory Allocation

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <alloc.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

void main()

{

int i,n;

int *a,*b,*c;

printf(“How many Elements in each array…\n”);

scanf(“%d”, &n);

a = (int *) malloc(n*sizeof(int));

b = (int *) malloc(n*sizeof(int));

c =( int *) malloc(n*sizeof(int));

 

printf(“Enter Elements of First List\n”);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{ scanf(“%d”,a+i); }

printf(“Enter Elements of Second List\n”);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{ scanf(“%d”,b+i); }

 

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{ *(c+i) = *(a+i) + *(b+i); }

 

printf(“Resultant List is\n”);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{

printf(“%d\n”,*(c+i));

}

 

} /* End of main() */

/*—————————————

Output

How many Elements in each array…4

Enter Elements of First List

1 2 3 4

Enter Elements of Second List

6 7 8 9

Resultant List is 7 9 11 13 —————————————-*/

 

 

 

43. Write a C program to read N integers and store them in an array A, and so find the sum of all these elements using pointer. Output the given array and the computed sum with suitable heading.

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

#include <malloc.h>

void main()

{

int i,n,sum=0;

int *a;

clrscr();

printf(“Enter the size of array A\n”);

scanf(“%d”, &n);

 

a=(int *) malloc(n*sizeof(int)); /*Dynamic Memory Allocation */

printf(“Enter Elements of First List\n”);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{ scanf(“%d”,a+i); }

 

/*Compute the sum of all elements in the given array*/

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

{ sum = sum + *(a+i); }

printf(“Sum of all elements in array = %d\n”, sum);

} /* End of main() */

 

 

 

44. Write a C program to implement stack. Stack is a LIFO data structure LIFO – Last in First Out Perform PUSH (insert operation), POP (Delete operation) and Display stack.

 

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

#define MAXSIZE 5

 

struct stack /* Structure definition for stack */

{

int stk[MAXSIZE];

int top;

};

typedef struct stack STACK;

STACK s;

/* Function declaration/Prototype*/

void push (void);

int pop(void);

void display (void);

void main ()

{

int choice;

int option = 1;

clrscr ();

s.top = -1;

printf (“STACK OPERATION\n”);

while (option)

{

printf (“——————————————\n”);

printf (” 1 –> PUSH \n”);

printf (” 2 –> POP \n”);

printf (” 3 –> DISPLAY \n”);

printf (” 4 –> EXIT \n”);

printf (“——————————————\n”);

 

printf (“Enter your choice\n”);

scanf (“%d”, &choice);

switch (choice)

{

case 1: push();

break;

case 2: pop();

break;

case 3: display();

break;

case 4: return;

}

fflush (stdin);

printf (“Do you want to continue(Type 0 or 1)?\n”);

scanf (“%d”, &option);

} }

/*Function to add an element to the stack*/

void push ()

{ int num;

if (s.top == (MAXSIZE – 1))

{ printf (“Stack is Full\n”);

 

return;

}

else

{ printf (“Enter the element to be pushed\n”);

scanf (“%d”, &num);

s.top = s.top + 1;

s.stk[s.top] = num;

} return; }

 

/*Function to delete an element from the stack*/

int pop ()

{ int num;

if (s.top == – 1)

{ printf (“Stack is Empty\n”);

return (s.top);

}

else

{ num = s.stk[s.top];

printf (“poped element is = %d\n”, s.stk[s.top]);

s.top = s.top – 1;

} return(num); }

 

/*Function to display the status of the stack*/

void display ()

{ int i;

if (s.top = = -1)

{ printf (“Stack is empty\n”);

return ;

}

else

{ printf (“\nThe status of the stack is\n”);

for (i = s. top; i >= 0; i–)

{ printf (“%d\n”, s.stk[i]) ; }

}

printf (“\n”); }

Macros & C Processor

45. Program in C using Macros to calculate the area of a circle where value of PI is preprocessed.


.#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#define PI 3.14

#define area(x) PI*x*x

void main()

{

float rad , A=0.0 ;

clrscr ();

printf (“\n Enter the radius of circle:”) ;

scanf (“%f”, &rad ) ;

A = area( rad ) ;

printf (“\n Area of circle =%f”, A) ;

getch() ;

}


RUN

Enter the radius of circle: 4.5 Area of circle =63.584999

 

File Handling

46. Write a C program to create a file called emp.rec and store information about a person, in terms of his name, age and salary.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main()

{

FILE *fptr;

char name[20];

int age;

float salary;

 

fptr = fopen (“emp.rec”, “w”); /*open for writing*/

if (fptr == NULL)

{

printf (“File does not exists\n”);

return ;

}

 

printf(“Enter the name\n”);

scanf(“%s”, name);

fprintf(fptr, “Name = %s\n”, name);

 

printf(“Enter the age\n”);

scanf(“%d”, &age);

fprintf(fptr, “Age = %d\n”, age);

 

printf (“Enter the salary\n”);

scanf(“%f”, &salary);

fprintf( fptr , “Salary = %.2f\n”, salary) ;

fclose(fptr);

}

 

/*—————————————————————————

Output

Enter the name

Prabhu

Enter the age

25

Enter the salary

25000

————————————-

Please note that you have to open the file called emp.rec in the directory

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